Family formations, breakdowns and re

Family formations, breakdowns and re Introduction This paper is an article critique of a sociology journal written by Cabrera, Shannon Tamis-LeMonda (2007). The article explores the influence of fathers on children’s cognitive and emotional development. Cabrera et al. (2007) specifically concentrated on exploring this relationship by focusing on the emotional and cognitive development of toddlers and pre-kindergarten children.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Family formations, breakdowns and re-formations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This study exposed three main objectives to establish how resident fathers interacted with their children (toddlers), to find out how financial and human capabilities of fathers affect the quality of their relationship with their children, and to explore how spousal relationships affect the quality of parent engagement with their children. Lastly, the paper also strived to establish how the presence and support of fathers affected their children’s cognitive and emotional development. In their study, Cabrera et al. (2007) say that most children who receive support from their fathers tend to have better emotional and cognitive development than those who do not receive this support. Here, a key interest for Cabrera et al. (2007) is the positive effect of fathers on their children’s language development and emotion regulation. The researchers said, compared to mothers, fathers had a better effect on helping their children to regulate their emotions, while mothers had a negative influence in this regard (Cabrera et al., 2007). Comparatively, the study also found out that most fathers had a negative effect on their children’s language development, at pre-kindergarten stage. The same influence was however neutral for the regulation of social and emotional skills. Cabrera et al. (2007) formulated the above findings through the adoption of the â€Å"Dynamics of Paternal Influ ences on Children over the Life Course model† (Cabrera et al., 2007, p. 209). This model was highly appropriate for the researchers because it outlined how parental characteristics affected the emotional and cognitive development of children. In sum, Cabrera et al. (2007) emphasized the importance of fathers’ supportive influence on children’s development. Relevance of the Article to Family Formation Family formation is a very broad issue that transcends the traditional conception of the idea (concerning how people live together as one). At the heart of family formation is the role of children in the family. Children therefore emerge as important people in the formation of families. Indeed, as MYM (2013) reports, most people see families as incomplete social units, if they do not have children. Certainly, children guarantee the future existence of humanity because they comprise future generations and new ways of thinking in human psychology. Therefore, even as in dividualism gains credence as an acceptable social philosophy (Cherlin, 2013), it is important to understand humanity beyond the existence of parents. People can therefore only understand the future of humanity through children because children bring new meaning to family life.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The article by Cabrera et al. (2007) is important in the understanding of family formations because it highlights the importance of the father as part of the entire ecosystem that affects family formation. Since fathers are a critical part of the family ecosystem, their contributions to the growth and development of toddlers and pre-kindergarten children highlight a small part of this analysis because the emotional and cognitive developments of children are bound to affect the overall health of the family. In other words, as supported by the findings of Cabrera et al. (2007), the influence and support of fathers in their children’s development improves the cognitive and emotional development of children, thereby improving the overall well-being of the family. This is because emotionally vibrant children are more likely to develop and become socially healthy people (Cabrera et al., 2007). Comprehensively, the positive influence of fathers on children development highlights the role of healthy children in family formation. Relation to Other Researchers Cherlin (1995) has investigated the role of fathers in their children’s well-being by analyzing the impact of parental divorce on the demographic outcomes of young adults. In his analysis, Cherlin (1995) established that most children who enjoyed the attention of both parents tend to report positive emotional and cognitive growth, thereby leading to positive demographic outcomes as well. Comparatively, Cherlin (1995) says, children who grow up in â€Å"broken† families often show signs of dysfunctional emotional and cognitive development, especially in their early years as adults. The findings of Cherlin (1995) compare to the findings of Cabrera et al. (2007) because both sets of authors investigate the role of parents in their children’s well-being. Moreover, both sets of authors investigate the role of parents in the emotional and cognitive development of their children. While Cabrera et al. (2007) focus on the role of the fathers in the well-being of their children, Cherlin (1995) focuses on the role of both parents in the cognitive and emotional development of their children. Both studies can however be easily pooled to explain how parents affect the cognitive and emotional development of their children. Although Cabrera et al. (2007) investigate the influence of parental involvement in early childhood development (especially when children are between the toddler and pre-kindergarten stages); Cherlin (1995) explains the role of parental invo lvement in early adulthood. By combining the focus of both sets of authors, it is correct to say their contributions are informative in the study of early childhood development. Moreover, both sets of authors largely underscore family formation outcomes, especially through the understanding of emotional and cognitive development.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Family formations, breakdowns and re-formations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The findings of Cabrera et al. (2007) do not only relate to the work of Cherlin (1995) because they also outline a very close relation to the works of Meezan Rauch (2005) who investigate the well-being of children in heterosexual marriages and same-sex marriages. In their study, Meezan Rauch (2005) say children who grow up in families where parents are of the same sex, do not develop differently from children who grow up in families headed by heterosexual parents. The main poin t advanced by Meezan Rauch (2005) is the lack of significant differences in emotional and cognitive outcomes for children raised by heterosexual parents and children raised by same-sex parents. The article therefore established that same-sex parents almost had the same positive parental impact that heterosexual parents do. Like Cabrera et al. (2007) and Cherlin (1995), studies by Meezan and Rauch (2005) also focus on the emotional and cognitive development of children. The only difference between the studies of Meezan and Rauch (2005) and Cabrera et al. (2007) is the emphasis on same-sex parenting, as opposed to heterosexual parenting. Nonetheless, the findings of the three sets of authors focus on family development, through the analysis on children’s well-being. An analysis of these interrelated studies highlights childhood development as an important sociological discipline. Even though the researchers described above highlight the importance of understanding childhood de velopment and the impact of parental relationships in this analysis, their focus on this topic also highlights the complexities that are involved in human development and the psychosocial processes that affect our cognitive and emotional well-being. Interestingly, the focus on childhood development also helps to shed light on some commonly misconceived social issues affecting modern families today (like the quality of parental support that same-sex marriages would offer children). Their findings therefore provide a holistic understanding of childhood development and the formation, or re-formation, of families in this regard (Cherlin, 2013). Conclusion Childhood development manifests as the focus of this paper. The emotional and cognitive development processes of children especially manifest as a core interest in the study of Cabrera et al. (2007). The authors propose that most programs that aim to support the contribution of fathers in childhood development processes are likely to h ave a positive impact on family formation, as they guarantee the positive cognitive and emotional well-being of children (Cabrera et al., 2007).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These findings highlight the works of other researchers who have stressed the role of fathers in improving the emotional and cognitive outcomes of children (Naz, 2010; Madsen, 2007). Future studies should however strive to determine how the role of fathers in childhood development position within the larger continuum of human development. Stated differently, future studies should address how the role of parents fits in the wider ecology of human development. In such analyses, future studies should also address how parental involvement fits within the ecological systems theory because the ecological systems theory contains crucial tenets of human development, such as the roles, norms, and rules of childhood development (Barrera, 2008). References Barrera, I. (2008). An Ecological Systems Theory Approach in Looking at Mental  Health Care Barriers in the Latino Community. New York, US: ProQuest. Cabrera, N., Shannon, J., Tamis-LeMonda, C. (2007). Fathers Influence on their Childrens Cognitive and Emotional Development: From Toddlers to Pre-K. Applied Development Science, 11(4), 208-213. Cherlin, A. (1995). Parental Divorce in Childhood and Demographic Outcomes in  Young Adulthood. Baltimore, Maryland: Johns Hopkins University. Cherlin, A. (2013). Public and Private Families: An Introduction. New York, US: McGraw-Hill. Madsen, S. (2007). Developing leadership: exploring childhoods of women university presidents. Journal of Educational Administration, 45(1), 99 – 118. Meezan, W., Rauch J. (2005). Gay Marriage, Same-Sex Parenting, and Americas Children. Future Child, 15(2), 97-115. MYM. (2013). Importance of A Child in the Family. Web. Naz, G. (2010). Usage of parental leave by fathers in Norway. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 30(5), 313 – 325.

Extra Credit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Extra Credit - Essay Example At the beginning of the 21st century, the amount of money in the entire world’s savings—including retirement funds, insurance funds, central bank savings, and other funds—went from $36 trillion to $70 trillion. That $36 trillion was the result of hundreds of years of growth, and then suddenly there was this unheard of expansion of funds, because countries like India and Saudi Arabia were making a lot more money and adding to that pool of savings. Before 2000, investors would do everything they could to protect their investments, and would put their money into safe investments such as municipal bonds. Then, when the funds nearly doubled, the investors ran out of places to invest their money, because although the money looking for investment opportunity doubled, the available good investments did not double. So when the demand for investments couldn’t be met, someone had to create a product that would provide more investment opportunities and meet that deman d. What happened next was what Malcolm Gladwell calls a â€Å"tipping point,† or a sudden rise of an idea or behavior that spreads epidemically, because â€Å"ideas and products and messages and behaviors spread just like viruses do† (Gladwell 7). The solution that the financial industry came up with was to identify a new source of consumer by making mortgage loans available to people with bad credit and low income. That way, investments could be made based on the interest that would be earned on these mortgages: roughly 5-9%, instead of the meager 1% available elsewhere. With such a huge demand, mortgage agents had to go find new people to mortgages, until finally in 2003, basically everyone who was qualified to get a mortgage already had one. Then another level of standards had to be introduced, and this involved NINA (no income no assets), stated income verified asset loans, and stated income, stated assets loans. People no longer even had to prove their income, they could simply say that

A psychological disorder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A psychological disorder - Essay Example Disastrous events and life changing experiences can elevate our level of stress. While many people deal with this day to day stress without medical intervention, it may have a long-term connection with cancer or heart disease (Myers 539,544). Intense feelings of stress are known as anxiety disorders. They seem to have no rational cause and leave a person agitated and out of control of their emotions. The anxiety disorders are further broken down into sub groups that include phobias and panic disorder. These cases of extreme anxiety are treated through conditioning and medication. Depression may be viewed as similar and may be confused with anxiety. While anxiety is the uneasy feeling in regards to a future event, depression is a reaction to a past event (Myers 646). While these feelings may be normal, they become a disorder when they are unrealistic and begin to impede a person's normal activities. Depression is not an abnormal feeling, but when it reaches an ongoing and insidious level, a professional should treat it. There are many modern medications that address both anxiety and depression. More severe forms of psychological disorders are seen in schizophrenia and dissociative disorders. In the former, the mind may be severely disorganized. The victim may suffer from delusions and inappropriate emotions.

Kuala Lumpur Essay Example for Free

Kuala Lumpur Essay Since I was in the primary school I always be the shy one. Not knowing what I realy want, and I always live behind the shadow of my big sister. She is the star of the school and I was always ‘Amira’s lile brother’. When she le$ for the secondary school, all the teachers turned to me, expecng me to be the replacement of her but I always thought that I could never (ll those expectaon and I always failed them. A$er all, I was red of living under her shadow. Everyone expecng me to be as good as her in everything. To put it bluntly, I am a lost cause, unl on my 2nd year of high school when I learn that beauful form of art called ‘Dance’. For some people, they always said dancing got no future in it. But, for me it is my life, In 2009, my friends and I has form a dance crew called Huru Hara Crew. At (rst, it’s real hard for us because we never get any support from our family, teachers, and our schoolmate. The hardest part of it is when we joined any compeon, we always lost because of we lack of experience. A$er two years dancing without we had never won any compeon for almost 2years, any silverware, we decided to audion for Showdown 2011. We never passed the audion and almost think to give up our dream. But, the judges word (re us up to be a beer dancer. A month a$er that, we’ve audion for â€Å"Digi Live Sekolahku Berbakat†. For the (rst me, we had pass the audion and got the best four group in Perak region. A$er that, we had been called to be a backup dancer for Zenny Salehuddin for her song Kau Kau. The best part of our success is when we won Disney’s My School Rock dance compeon for two consecuve year. We also won many compeon a$er Digi Live. It changed the percepon of everyone once bashed us. From that day, dance is not just a hobby for us, it’s our LIFE. A$er we taking our SPM examinaon, we had been awarded to be a part of Digi Tour around Malaysia. But, all the lovely part of it had turned to an end when most of us had go to further study. When I was o:ered by KPTM Kl, I had to be pated with my crewmate. I have never felt so lost. We are o:ered by di:erent colleges in di:erent state, it’s really hard me for us to give our commitment for our crew. So I decided to create a new dance crew in my colleges and recruited some of the students. With all experience I had, the crew has been a success. We had won several compeon such as Mos ;ashmob compeon, Karnival Kecergasan Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur and we also represenng Kuala Lumpur for compeng in the Naonal Level of Karnival Kecergasan. Hopefully I can get a new experience since I have transfer to KPTM Ipoh to take care of my mother.

Under Milk Wood ? The Voices :: essays research papers

Under milk wood is a radio play written by Dylan Thomas, it tells the story of a day in the life of a small town called Llareggub. The play is set in the 1950’s, and it has two narrators, called Voice 1 and Voice 2, which act as dramatic devices and move the play along in space and time. The Voices give poetry to the play by giving the listener Thomas’s view of the town. The two voices are Thomas’s opportunity to act as a guide to Llareggub. He uses the Voices throughout the play, the first Voice starts and ends the play, the characters seem to interact with the voices, and for example the characters often finish off lines that the voices started. One example of this is in the introduction of Mr Pugh, the retired school teacher. First voice: â€Å"Mr Pugh† Mr Pugh: â€Å"remembers ground glass as he juggles his omelette† It does the same thing further down the page when it says, First Voice: â€Å"Mrs Pugh† Mrs Pugh: â€Å"nags the salt cellar† The Voices also build a relationship with the listener, they seem to be trustworthy and to have a sense of humour, and this helps the listener to learn about the characters and to understand the town. An example of this could be found in the prologue when the First Voice addresses the listener personally by saying â€Å"Only your eyes are unclosed† and again when it says â€Å"And you alone can hear the invisible starfall†. The effect of this makes the listener feel like the Voices are talking to them alone. The Voice also seems to invite the listener into the town, when it tells usâ€Å" Hush, the babies are sleeping† it then goes into a string of images about the people of the town: â€Å"the farmers, the fishers, the tradesmen and pensioners, cobbler, schoolteacher, postman and publican†. Strings of images convey very strong feelings and can get across the atmosphere of a place very well. This particular string of images is telling the listener all the people in the town who is asleep. The effect of it is the Voice becoming friendlier with the listener and telling him/her about the town and its people. The play has many poetic effects, which are mostly used by the Voices, Alliteration is used often to add depth to Thomas’s descriptions. An example of alliteration in the play is when the first voice is talking about Bessie Bighead when she’s asleep, the voice says â€Å"sleep until the night sucks out her soul and spits it into the sky† Thomas seems to be using wet sucking sounds for the lonely old lady.

Communication Release Chilean Miners Essay

The men trapped in the Chilean mine shaft was one of the world’s most successful operations to release miners from the long underground entrapment. The problem or controversy lied in the government restricting information to the men trapped and censoring and losing letters to the miners sent to them from their family and friends. The people thought this was unjust and failed to realize what rescue mission are all about. Psychological effects The letters sent by friends and family of the Chilean workers trapped underground were being kept by authorities due to the content and the authorities belief that it may have severe psychological impact. Authorities’ course of action caused uncertainty and further unseated the miners. Angry relatives were outraged and confronted government officials outside the cave of the San Jose mine. What the families failed to realize is how their form of communication could unintentionally adversely affect their mental state to the relatives or friends trapped under ground. The family’s side One of the miners, Victor Zamora, expressed his complaints to his family about receiving only one letter from them. He feared that his relatives were hiding things from him. His wife, Jessica Cortes, said that the family had sent at least fifteen letters and explained that she wrote daily, also his brothers and mother had sent many letters as well. What she never thought is what the most important thing was for those miners, uncensored communication with family at the risk of the miner’s mental health or freedom. Letters screened According to Jessica Cortes, there was a team of young women who were described as psychologist who read every letter and would place them in a bag and would only send letters to the miners that they deemed appropriate. The partial reason for this process was due to some miners having more than one woman or several. Reading and holding some of the mail was partially put in place to avoid troubling the miners from their women conflicts. In the beginning there were receiving roughly 33 letters and as the number of incoming letters increased into the hundreds it began to take up too much space, space that could be used to send food and water. Ultimately the rescue party chose food and water over letters and told the families to keep in mind that they were running a rescue operation, not a communications exercise (Solar, L. 2010). They were right in continuing with the rescue mission and not giving too much priority in sending mail because the most important thing is to get everyone out safely. Communication is a luxury that the rescuers and the company allowed to keep the men sane, but the priority should be rescue. Trapped for months During their entrapment the bicentennial celebration of the Chilean Independence day came up and the miners had requested wine and empanadas, along with cigarettes, which is a traditional celebratory menu. Although the psychologist on cite had considered the possibility of granting their request, with the support of health officials they denied the request by saying, â€Å"This is an emergency; we are not celebrating. The Chilean mining industry has 600 years of tradition and drinking inside the mine is not allowed,† said Iturra. Again this is a rescue mission not a mean of celebration and communication. If the people could see where the officials are coming from and why they deny certain requests they would be thankful that they care more about getting them out quickly than keeping them essentially imprisoned within a mine drunk and with lots of letters. Conclusion Search and rescue is defined as the search for and provision of aid to people who are in imminent danger or distress. Rescue missions are difficult, time consuming and stressful for all parties involved. Communication between families and the distressed individuals is not a necessity and only further impeaches on the rescue mission itself. People fail to realize that although it is nice to be able to make contact with family and friends that are in these types of scary situation it is a privilege awarded by authorities not a right. Their priority is to get people out safely in this case it was the collapse of a mine that entrapped several miners. References Franklin, J. (2010). Trapped Chilean miners, families frustrated over mail delivery. Retrieved from, The Washington Post. Johnson, B. (2010). Why is the rescue of the miners in Chile taking so long? Retrieved from about.com Solar, L. (2010). Digital Journal. Retrieved from http://digitaljournal.com/article/297127

The Mafia s Influence On Hip Hop - 1603 Words

The Mafia’s influence on Hip-Hop In Rap, there is a unique culture, history, social impact and influence on society. Hip-Hop/Rap is one of the most popular genre of music. It has helped shape the pop culture into what it is today. What is popular culture? The ideas, activities or products, which are popular among the general mass. In today’s pop culture, one subject that is at the top of the list is hip-hop/rap. Hip-Hop music highlights verses consisting of slang and catchy phrases, which some parents find troublesome. However, the younger generation find it to be an expression of an artist’s life. Although rap is very influential, other elements in the past have influenced rap. You can see this through the Mafia and their cultural†¦show more content†¦When talking about the American Mafia, mostly it’s referring to the Italians and their influence. During the height of the Mafia its influence on society was massive and mostly in a negative way. In pop culture, the Mafia represented violence, gang affiliations, and criminals. Although, in the perspective of our generation today some view them as heroes. The reason for this is mostly from the rise of hip-hop in society and how people view it. The Mafia s impact on hip-hop goes up against various structures, glorifying the lives of mobsters over a significant time span such as Al Capone, John Gotti, and Bugsy Siegel. The American Mafia originated in New York, Chicago, New Orleans, Detroit, and Philadelphia during the 1920’s. Many generations later, rappers would predominantly be born from these cities aspiring to get the many benefits of fame, the sudden notoriety and popularity. Despite the fact that the height of the Mafia s impact was largely found in New York in the 1990’s, rappers such as Jay-Z, Biggie Smalls, and Mase are key examples of rappers who were influenced by the Mafia in some degree. The 1990’s consisted of other impacts like movies, commercials, news and a few New York rappers influenced by the long legacy of movies like The Godfather, GoodFellas, and Casino, revealed to the world hip-hop s true form. These rappers mostly consisted of Tupac Shakur, Biggie Smalls, N.W.A, Snoop Dogg and many more. Rappers such as these whereShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Travis Scott s Ascension Of Fame930 Words   |  4 Pagesdebut mixtape Owl Pharaoh, had not even began when he signed not only to Epic Records, which has housed acts such as Ozzy Osbourne, Michael Jackson and Celine Dion but also to Grand Hustle Very G.O.O.D Beats (as a producer), the label imprints of hip-hop juggernauts T.I. Kanye West. Since then he has released a solid project in Days Before Rodeo, Rodeo’s predecessor and has boasted countless credits, producing for many of music’s biggest acts such as Drake, Jay-Z, Kanye West Rihanna, thus gainingRead MoreIce Cube ( O Shea Jackson160 3 Words   |  7 PagesGangsta rap originated in the late 1980’s. â€Å"Ice Cube (O Shea Jackson) of the rap group NWA (Niggaz with Attitude) wrote the song Gangsta Gangsta, and it shocked America with its violent, sexist, and obscene lyrics. Gangsta Gangsta ushered in a new genre of hip-hop music called gangsta rap, which became identified with Compton, a predominately black and Latino working-class and working poor neighborhood in Los Angeles†. Many people did not agree with the sexist and indecent lyrics in gangstaRead MoreHow Hip Hop Affects Society Essay2136 Words   |  9 PagesIt has been 30 years since Hip-Hop was first â€Å"introduced† to the world. Whether it be fashion or politics, this musical genre/culture plays a huge role in everyday life and has generated billions of dollars across the globe. In this paper I will be discussing when, where, and how Hip-Hop was created, â€Å"old school Hip-Hop, â€Å"Hip-Hop’s Golden Age†, â₠¬Å"Hardcore rap† â€Å"Gangsta rap†, â€Å"G-Funk†, 21st century Hip-Hop, and how Hip-Hop affects society. First, we must take note that all AfricanRead MoreEssay on Media Propaganda and Stereotypes1645 Words   |  7 PagesAware of the influence stereotypes have on peoples views, governments use stereotypes already imbedded in society as a propaganda tactic to persuade peoples thoughts, opinions and beliefs in order to benefit their cause. The media was used for disseminating stereotypes the effect violent music has on teenagers behaviours such as in the shootings at Columbine. After the September 11 attacks, the U.S. government used the media as an outlet to emphasize Muslim stereotypes to influence people to support